spring boot使用七牛云做文件上传并返回图片地址

言曌 2018年04月06日10:14:03 6 5260 views

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在做上传的时候，因为考虑到以后用户量很多的时候，同时很多人上传 2MB 的图片时，服务器肯定吃不消，到时候体验就差了。所以很是准备使用第三方的云存储，本文介绍 SpringBoot 下如何将图片存储到七牛云上。

一、引入 Java SDK

官方文档：https://developer.qiniu.com/kodo/sdk/1239/java

在 pom.xml 里添加以下依赖

<dependency>
<groupId>com.qiniu</groupId>
<artifactId>qiniu-java-sdk</artifactId>
<version>[7.2.0, 7.2.99]</version>
</dependency>

这里的version指定了一个版本范围，每次更新pom.xml的时候会尝试去下载7.2.x版本中的最新版本，你可以手动指定一个固定的版本。

二、创建存储空间，绑定授权信息

1、先创建一个存储空间(bucket)，点此

在创建仓库的时候，注意选择机房位置，下面配置类里要选择指定的机房

2、在个人中心，密钥管理里获取

在这里可以获得 Access 和 Key

3、在 application.properties 里填写如下内容

qiniu.accessKey=3QBQHJh_Fo-BYbbrcmBOUf5Z2ArbY3qm5vCfqn3e
qiniu.secretKey=GWLhKUhHcHClUjgP6coGfNTtmUsTzCbnSNDDN9kE
qiniu.bucket=codergroup
spring.servlet.multipart.enabled=true
spring.servlet.multipart.location=/Users/liuyanzhao/Documents/public
spring.servlet.multipart.file-size-threshold=5MB
spring.servlet.multipart.max-request-size=20MB

这里的四个参数请按自己的七牛云账户里面的信息填写。

4、创建一个配置类，方便后面操作

QiNiuProperties.java

import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* @author 言曌
* @date 2018/4/5 下午9:36
*/
@Component
@Data
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "qiniu")
public class QiNiuProperties {
private String accessKey;
private String secretKey;
private String bucket;
}

三、上传配置类

WebFileUploadConfig.java

package com.liuyanzhao.forum.config;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.liuyanzhao.forum.vo.QiNiuProperties;
import com.qiniu.common.Zone;
import com.qiniu.storage.BucketManager;
import com.qiniu.storage.UploadManager;
import com.qiniu.util.Auth;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnClass;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnProperty;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.MultipartProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartResolver;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.support.StandardServletMultipartResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet;
import javax.servlet.MultipartConfigElement;
import javax.servlet.Servlet;
/**
* @author 言曌
* @date 2018/4/5 下午9:33
*/
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({Servlet.class, StandardServletMultipartResolver.class, MultipartConfigElement.class})
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.servlet.multipart", name = "enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
@EnableConfigurationProperties(MultipartProperties.class)
public class WebFileUploadConfig {
/**
* 七牛云配置
*/
@Autowired
private QiNiuProperties qiNiuProperties;
private final MultipartProperties multipartProperties;
public WebFileUploadConfig(MultipartProperties multipartProperties) {
this.multipartProperties = multipartProperties;
}
/**
* 上传配置
*/
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean
public MultipartConfigElement multipartConfigElement() {
return this.multipartProperties.createMultipartConfig();
}
/**
* 注册解析器
*/
@Bean(name = DispatcherServlet.MULTIPART_RESOLVER_BEAN_NAME)
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(MultipartResolver.class)
public StandardServletMultipartResolver multipartResolver() {
StandardServletMultipartResolver multipartResolver = new StandardServletMultipartResolver();
multipartResolver.setResolveLazily(this.multipartProperties.isResolveLazily());
return multipartResolver;
}
/**
* 华东 Zone.zone0()
* 华北 Zone.zone1()
* 华南 Zone.zone2()
* 北美 Zone.zoneNa0()
*/
@Bean
public com.qiniu.storage.Configuration qiniuConfig() {
//华东
return new com.qiniu.storage.Configuration(Zone.zone0());
}
/**
* 构建一个七牛上传工具实例
*/
@Bean
public UploadManager uploadManager() {
return new UploadManager(qiniuConfig());
}
/**
* 认证信息实例
*
* @return
*/
@Bean
public Auth auth() {
return Auth.create(qiNiuProperties.getAccessKey(),
qiNiuProperties.getSecretKey());
}
/**
* 构建七牛空间管理实例
*/
@Bean
public BucketManager bucketManager() {
return new BucketManager(auth(), qiniuConfig());
}
/**
* 配置gson为json解析工具
*
* @return
*/
@Bean
public Gson gson() {
return new Gson();
}
}

四、上传 Service

QiNiuService.java

package com.liuyanzhao.forum.service;
import com.qiniu.common.QiniuException;
import com.qiniu.http.Response;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.InputStream;
/**
* @author 言曌
* @date 2018/4/5 下午9:38
*/
public interface QiNiuService {
/**
* 上传文件
* <p>
* (文件上传)
*
* @param file
* @return
* @throws QiniuException
*/
Response uploadFile(File file) throws QiniuException;
/**
* 上传文件
* <p>
* (文件流上传)
*
* @param inputStream
* @return
* @throws QiniuException
*/
Response uploadFile(InputStream inputStream) throws QiniuException;
/**
* 删除
*
* @param key
* @return
* @throws QiniuException
*/
Response delete(String key) throws QiniuException;
}

QiNiuServiceImpl.java

package com.liuyanzhao.forum.service.impl;
import com.liuyanzhao.forum.service.QiNiuService;
import com.liuyanzhao.forum.vo.QiNiuProperties;
import com.qiniu.common.QiniuException;
import com.qiniu.http.Response;
import com.qiniu.storage.BucketManager;
import com.qiniu.storage.UploadManager;
import com.qiniu.util.Auth;
import com.qiniu.util.StringMap;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.InputStream;
/**
* @author 言曌
* @date 2018/4/5 下午9:39
*/
@Service
public class QiNiuServiceImpl implements QiNiuService, InitializingBean {
@Autowired
private UploadManager uploadManager;
@Autowired
private BucketManager bucketManager;
@Autowired
private Auth auth;
@Autowired
private QiNiuProperties qiNiuProperties;
private StringMap putPolicy;
@Override
public Response uploadFile(File file) throws QiniuException {
Response response = this.uploadManager.put(file, null, getUploadToken());
int retry = 0;
while (response.needRetry() && retry < 3) {
response = this.uploadManager.put(file, null, getUploadToken());
retry++;
}
return response;
}
@Override
public Response uploadFile(InputStream inputStream) throws QiniuException {
Response response = this.uploadManager.put(inputStream, null, getUploadToken(), null, null);
int retry = 0;
while (response.needRetry() && retry < 3) {
response = this.uploadManager.put(inputStream, null, getUploadToken(), null, null);
retry++;
}
return response;
}
@Override
public Response delete(String key) throws QiniuException {
Response response = bucketManager.delete(qiNiuProperties.getBucket(), key);
int retry = 0;
while (response.needRetry() && retry++ < 3) {
response = bucketManager.delete(qiNiuProperties.getBucket(), key);
}
return response;
}
@Override
public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
this.putPolicy = new StringMap();
putPolicy.put("returnBody", "{\"key\":\"$(key)\",\"hash\":\"$(etag)\",\"bucket\":\"$(bucket)\",\"width\":$(imageInfo.width), \"height\":${imageInfo.height}}");
}
/**
* 获取上传凭证
*
* @return
*/
private String getUploadToken() {
return this.auth.uploadToken(qiNiuProperties.getBucket(), null, 3600, putPolicy);
}
}

五、测试上传

QiNiuServiceImplTest.java

@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class QiNiuServiceImplTest {
@Autowired
private QiNiuServiceImpl qiNiuService;
@Test
public void uploadFile() throws QiniuException {
String fileName = "/Users/liuyanzhao/Desktop/avatar.jpg";
File file = new File(fileName);
assertTrue(file.exists());
Response response = qiNiuService.uploadFile(file);
assertTrue(response.isOK());
//解析上传成功的结果
DefaultPutRet putRet = new Gson().fromJson(response.bodyString(), DefaultPutRet.class);
System.out.println(putRet.key);//根据 http://域名/key 就能访问文件
}
}

系统会根据图片的哈希值来判断是否是重复的图片，比如我上传过那张 avatar.jpg，过一段时间又上传一次，七牛云服务器不会重新上传，直接返回原来那张图片的软链接。

我们运行测试类

控制台没有报错，输出 FkEQ5f2qvLYAheAsKJ3qExrHM19L，这个key就是文件名

然后我们去存储空间看一下，果然有这个文件