数据库
- SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
- -- ----------------------------
- -- Table structure for course
- -- ----------------------------
- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `course`;
- CREATE TABLE `course` (
- `Cno` int(11) NOT NULL,
- `Cname` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT NULL,
- `Cpno` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
- `Ccredit` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
- PRIMARY KEY (`Cno`)
- ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
- -- ----------------------------
- -- Records of course
- -- ----------------------------
- INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('1', '数据库', '5', '4');
- INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('2', '数学', null, '2');
- INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('3', '信息系统', '1', '4');
- INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('4', '操作系统', '6', '3');
- INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('5', '数据结构', '7', '4');
- INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('6', '数据处理', null, '2');
- INSERT INTO `course` VALUES ('7', 'PASCAL语言', '6', '4');
- -- ----------------------------
- -- Table structure for sc
- -- ----------------------------
- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `sc`;
- CREATE TABLE `sc` (
- `Sno` int(11) NOT NULL,
- `Cno` int(11) NOT NULL,
- `Grade` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
- KEY `FK_cno` (`Cno`),
- KEY `FK_sno` (`Sno`),
- CONSTRAINT `FK_cno` FOREIGN KEY (`Cno`) REFERENCES `course` (`Cno`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE,
- CONSTRAINT `FK_sno` FOREIGN KEY (`Sno`) REFERENCES `student` (`Sno`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE
- ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
- -- ----------------------------
- -- Records of sc
- -- ----------------------------
- INSERT INTO `sc` VALUES ('201215121', '1', '97');
- INSERT INTO `sc` VALUES ('201215121', '2', '90');
- INSERT INTO `sc` VALUES ('201215121', '3', '93');
- INSERT INTO `sc` VALUES ('201215122', '2', '95');
- INSERT INTO `sc` VALUES ('201215122', '3', '85');
- -- ----------------------------
- -- Table structure for student
- -- ----------------------------
- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`;
- CREATE TABLE `student` (
- `Sno` int(11) NOT NULL,
- `Sname` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT NULL,
- `Ssex` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT NULL,
- `Sage` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
- `Sdept` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT NULL,
- PRIMARY KEY (`Sno`)
- ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
- -- ----------------------------
- -- Records of student
- -- ----------------------------
- INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('201215121', '刘晨', '女', '19', 'CS');
- INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('201215122', '罗琪', '女', '17', 'CS');
- INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('201215123', '刘中江', '男', '18', 'MA');
- INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('201215125', '曹志雄', '男', '18', 'CS');
- INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('201215126', '刘琰', '男', '19', 'CS');
- INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('201215127', '刘言曌', '男', '19', 'CS');
- INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('201215128', '曹志雄', '男', '19', 'CS');
- INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('201215207', '曹阿瞒', '男', '19', 'IS');
- INSERT INTO `student` VALUES ('201215208', '春日风', '女', '18', null);
代码如下
- #### SELECT 常用语句####
- #查询年龄在18-19的学生
- #select * from student where Sage between 18 and 19;
- #查询年龄不在18-19的学生
- #select * from student where Sage not between 18 and 19;
- #查询计算机科学系(CS系),数学系(MA系)和信息系(IS)学生
- #select * from student where Sdept in('CS','MA','IS');
- #查询既不是计算机系(IS系),也不是信息系(MA系)和信息系(IS系)学生
- #select * from student where Sdept not in('CS','MA','IS');
- #查询姓刘的学生
- #select * from student where Sname like '刘%';
- #查询姓欧阳,且全名为三个汉字的学生
- #select *from student where Sname like '欧阳_';
- #查询名字中第二个字为晨的学生
- #select * from student where Sname like '_晨';
- #查询不姓刘的学生
- #select * from student where Sname not like '刘%';
- #查询缺少成绩的学生的学号和相对的课程号
- #select sno,cno from sc where grade is null;
- #查询所有有成绩的学生的学号和课程号
- #select sno,cno from sc where grade is not null;
- #查询选修了3号课程的学生的学号,姓名和分数,按成绩降序排序
- #select sc.sno,student.sname,sc.grade from student,sc where cno=3 and student.sno=sc.sno order by grade desc;
- #查询全体学生,按所在系升序排序,同一个系按年龄降序
- #select * from student order by sdept asc,sage desc ;
- #查询学生总人数
- #select count(*) from student;
- #查询选修了课程的学生总人数
- #select count(distinct sno) from sc ;
- #计算3号课程的平均分
- #select avg(grade) from sc where cno=2;
- #查询学号201215121 选修课程的总分数
- #select sum(grade) from sc where sno='201215121';
- #查询每个学生及其选修课的情况
- #select * from student, sc where student.sno = sc.sno;
- #查询选修了2号课程且成绩在90分以上的所有学生
- #select * from sc where cno=2 and grade>90;
- #左外连接
- #select student.Sno,Sname,Ssex,Sage,Sdept,Cno,Grade from student left outer join sc on (student.sno = sc.sno);
- #多表连接
- #select student.sno,sname,cname,grade from student, sc, course where student.sno = sc.sno and course.cno = sc.cno
- #嵌套查询-查询选修了2号课程的学习姓名
- #select sname from student where sno in (select sno from sc where cno='2');
- #查询与刘晨在同一系学习的学生
- #select * from student where sdept = (select sdept from student where sname = '刘晨');
- #select * from student where sdept in (select sdept from student where sname = '刘晨');
- #select * from student s1,student s2 where s1.sdept = s2.sdept and s1.sname = '刘晨';
- #查询选修了信息系统的学生
- #select * from student,sc,course where sc.sno = student.sno and sc.cno = course.cno and course.cname = '信息系统'; ;
- #select * from student where sno in (select sno from sc where cno = ( select cno from course where cname = '信息系统' ));
- #找出每个学生超过其选修平均成绩的课程号
- #select * from sc where grade > (select avg(grade) from sc where sno = sc.Sno);
- #查询非计算机科学系中比计算机科学系任意一个学生年龄小的学生
- #select * from student where sage < any (select sage from student) and sdept != 'cs';
- #select * from student where sage < (select max(sage) from student) and sdept != 'cs';
- #查询非计算机系中比计算机系所有年龄都要小的学生
- #select * from student where sage < all (select sage from student ) and sdept != 'cs';
- #select * from student where sage < (select min(sage) from student);
- #查询选修了2号课程的学生
- #select * from student where exists (select * from sc where cno = 2 and sc.sno = student.sno);
- #select * from student where sno in (select sno from sc where cno = 2);
- #查询没有选修2号课程的学生
- #select * from student where not exists (select * from sc where cno = 2 and sc.sno = student.sno);
- #select * from student where student.sno not in (select sc.sno from sc where sc.sno = 2);
- #查询选修了全部课程的学生
- -- select * from student where not exists
- -- (
- -- select * from course where not exists
- -- (
- -- select * from sc where sc.sno = student.sno and cno = course.cno
- -- )
- -- )
- -- select sno from
- -- (
- -- select sno,count(*) as sum from sc group by sno having sum =
- -- (
- -- select count(*) from course
- -- )
- -- ) as A
- # 集合查询 UNION (或,并集)
- #select * from student where Sname = '罗琪' UNION select * from student where Sname = '刘言曌';
- #select * from student where Sname = '罗琪' or Sname = '刘言曌';
- #找出每个学生超过自己选修课程平均成绩的课程号
- -- select * from sc,
- -- (
- -- select sno,avg(grade) as avg_grade from sc group by sno
- -- ) as A
- -- where A.sno = sc.sno and sc.grade > A.avg_grade;
- #### INSERT 常用语句 ####
- #将一个新学生插入到 Student 表中
- #insert into Student value(201215128, '曹志雄', '男', 20, 'MA');
- #insert into student(sno,sname,ssex,sage,sdept) values (201215207, '曹阿瞒','男',19, 'IS');
- #### UPDATE 常用语句 ####
- #修改某一个元组的值
- #将罗琪的年龄-1
- #update student set Sage = '18' where Sname = '罗琪'
- #修改多个元组的值
- #将所有的学生年龄-1
- #update Student set Sage = Sage - 1;
- #带子查询的修改语句
- #将计算机系的学生成绩+5
- -- update sc
- -- set grade = grade + 5
- -- where sno in
- -- (select sno from student where sdept = 'CS');
- #### DELETE 常用语句 ####
- #先添加一条学生记录,然后删除他
- #insert into student value(201215130,'张三','男',19,'IS');
- #delete from student where sno = '201215130';
- #删除多条记录
- ##delete from sc;
- #### 空值的处理 ####
- #空值产生
- #添加一个学生,学院为NULL
- #insert into student value(201215208, '春日风','女',18,NULL);
- #将曹志雄的学院设置为NULL
- #update student set sdept = NULL where sname = '曹志雄';
- #空值判断
- #查询没有先行课的课程
- #select * from course where cpno is null;
- #查询有先行课的课程
- #select * from course where cpno is not null
- #### 视图常用语句 ####
- #创建一个男生视图
- -- create view is_boy
- -- as
- -- select * from student where ssex = '男';
- #查询视图
- #select * from is_boy where sage < 19
- #更新视图
- #update is_boy set sage = sage +1 where sname = '刘中江'
- #删除视图
- #drop view is_boy;
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2018年01月19日 17:24:39
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